International humanitarian law is a set of rules that seek, for humanitarian reasons, to limit the impact of armed conflict.
International Humanitarian Law
What is international humanitarian law?
The newsletter contains a brief description of the sources, content and scope
of international humanitarian law.
International humanitarian law is
a set of rules that seek, for humanitarian reasons, to
limit the impact of armed conflict. It protects persons who are not or are not
participating in hostilities, and limits the means and methods of warfare.
International humanitarian law is also known as the law of war or the law of
armed conflict.
International humanitarian law is
part of international law, which is a set of rules governing relations between
states. International law is contained in agreements between States - treaties
or conventions - in customary law, which consist of State practice considered
by them as legally binding, and general principles.
International humanitarian law applies to armed
conflicts. It does not regulate whether a State may actually use force is
governed by an important, but separate, part of international law set forth in
the Charter of the United Nations.
Where international humanitarian law, originate?
International humanitarian law is based on the rules of ancient civilizations
and religions warfare has always been
subject to certain principles and practices.
Universal codification of international humanitarian
law, began in the nineteenth century. Since then, States have agreed
on a number of practical rules, based on bitter experience of modern war. These
rules establish a clear balance between humanitarian concerns and military
needs of the state. As the international community has grown, an increasing
number of States have contributed to the development of these rules.
International humanitarian law forms today a universal body of law.
The historical convergence between international humanitarian law and the laws
of war
For most of the 20th century, international humanitarian law, or the
"Geneva Act" differs from "Hague Law" or the laws of war
proper. Hague Law "defines the rights and obligations of belligerents in
the conduct of operations and limits the choice of means, with the
injury." In particular, it deals with the definition of combatants,
establishes rules concerning the means and methods of warfare, but also
addresses the issue of military objectives.
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